Expressionism of oil painting
Expressionism, which meant that the author emphasized on performing artist’s subjective feelings and self-experience in works, as a result of exaggerating, distorting and even dealing with a bizarre thought towards objective form, which aimed to give vent to his inner depression. They believed that subjective was the only truth, denied the reality of the objectivity of world, and against the purpose of art. It was the art trend in painting area which especially popular in the Nordic countries at the beginning of the 20th century, it was a reflection of social cultural crisis and spiritual confusion, which showed strongly in the time of social unrest.
There were expressionism factors that existed in the traditional arts in the Nordic countries: in the early Germanic barbarian’s art, Gothic art of the middle Ages, the Renaissance Bauc, Bolugaier and etc. We can find the exaggerated image, absurd effect of the arts in their works, which all revealed a strong tendency of expressionism.
At the end of the 19th century, there had come out the fist Impressionism movement that mixed with the influence of the Impressionism and modern style, whose pioneer were the Dutch painter Van Gogh, French Lautrec, Austrian Klimt, Swiss Hodler and Norwegian Monk. They expressed their subjectivism through some love stories and tragic subjects.
The main base of Expressionism in the 20th century was Germany, which decided by Germany’s social reality, at the same time influenced by the subjective idealist philosophy of Nietzsche, Freud’s theory of psychoanalysis and Steiner’s mysticism.
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